Cysticercosis
(Beef Measles)

Beef measles is a condition caused by fluid-filled cysts which develop around the larvae of the human tapeworm (Taenia saginta). The disease occurs worldwide and cattle are the intermediate host for the parasite. In humans, there are usually no symptoms of disease. Occasionally, infested people experience abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss. Currently, this disease is reportable in Canada under the Health of Animals Act. Cattle are infected when they consume human feces containing tapeworm eggs. The sources of infection to cattle include contaminated feed, field grasses, water, bedding, and attendant’s hands or equipment. Bird and insects may also carry the tapeworm eggs long distances. There is an increased risk if sewer water is used for irrigation. Eggs can survive in the environment for long periods of time.

In cattle, usually no clinical signs of disease are seen unless large cysts are present in vital organs. High doses of eggs may produce fever and muscular stiffness. Diagnosis of the disease usually is at slaughter, during meat inspection. If a cyst is found, the muscle with the cyst is removed and the remaining carcass frozen or cooked or the entire carcass may be condemned.

There is no treatment in cattle. Prevention of the disease in cattle includes reducing exposure to human feces by avoiding the feeding of contaminated feeds. As well, workers should practice good hygiene and sanitation, and there should be adequate toilet facilities. Consumers should cook beef to 160 F or 70 C internally for a minimum of 5 minutes.